Manushy ko gyaan ke lie bhookhe kiya gaya hai , tareeke brahmaand ke rahasyon ko jaanane ke lie usakee maanasik sankaayon sanlagn hain. kaheen rekha ke neeche , insaan ke saath aa raha hai vigyaan aur sab kuchh peechhe tark par charcha karane ke lie shuroo kar diya. ek tarah se jeevan mein ubharane ke lie shuroo kar diya. ek hee sthaan nishkarshon ko rikord karane ke lie , ek hee sthaan ujjval man ikattha karane ke lie aur ek hee sthaan bhavishy doolhe karane ke lie spasht aavashyakata nahin thee. is prakaar vishvavidyaalayon mein ubhara. sach? aapaka andaaza utana hee achchha hai jitana mera! lekin saboot socha kee is pankti ka samarthan karata hai . yahaan duniya ke 10 sabase puraane vishvavidyaalayon kee ek soochee hai . unamen se kuchh abhee bhee kaam kar rahe hain ; doosaron ko apane samrddh itihaas ka jashn manaane ke lie shaamil kie gae hain . yah sanyukt raajy amerika ke lie ek aankh kholane vaalee soochee ka hissa nahin hai aur islaamee sanskrti sheersh 4 sabase puraane vishvavidyaalayon mein se unake naam hai samete hue hai, jinamen se do mein aaj bhee kaam kar rahe hain , aur sheersh sthaan ? padhate rahiye! aisa nahin hai ki lagata hai ki karane ke lie kathin nahin hai.
1. Nalanda University (India)
Founded: 600BC
Yah spasht vijeta hai. soochana hai ki yah keval ek hee eesa poorv mein sthaapit kiya ja raha hai. is ka itihaas bhaarateey sanskrti ka ek majaboot udaaharan hai aur shuruaatee dinon ke baad shiksha ke lie jude mahatv hai. yah baabul, grees , seeriya aur cheen se chhaatron ko dekha. vishay padhae kaee any (us samay raaja) dvaara shakraadity fiailds.foundaid ke beech mein shaamil ved , bhaasha, vyaakaran , darshan, chikitsa, shaly chikitsa , teerandaajee , vishvavidyaalay ke ek samay mein 10,5000 se adhik chhaatron ka manoranjan karane ke lie kaha gaya tha. gujar dar maatr 3 se 10 se baahar tha pravishti keval umr ke 16 saal ke baad dee gaee thee . gauravashaalee itihaas keval 800 saal ke lie kiya gaya tha. yah pahalee baar do vinaash sudhaara ke saath itihaas mein teen baar nasht ho gaya tha . teesare ek (1300) ab yah phir se banaaya aur amarty sen kee aankhon ke neeche mahima ke apane puraane dinon ko praapt karane ke paalan kar raha hai 2006 tak sthaayee tha. bhaarateeyon supar garv hona chaahie!
2. University of Al-Karaouine (Morocco)
Founded: 859
duniya ka doosara sabase puraana hai, aur abhee bhee kaam kar vishvavidyaalay. yah phaatima al fihri , ek mahila dvaara sthaapit kiya gaya tha . shuruaat mein yah keval apanee peshakash ke roop mein praakrtik vigyaan hai. yah 1957 tak nahin tha ki any mukhyadhaara vigyaan portapholiyo ke lie joda gaya hai. yah ek masjid ke saath shuroo karane ke roop mein banaaya gaya tha aur dheere-dheere aphreeka mein sabase bada banane ke lie vistaar kiya. vishvavidyaalay vishvavidyaalay ke roop mein hee puraana hai jitana moortiyaan hain .
3. Al-Azhar University (Egypt)
Founded: 970-972
islaamee world.whichh ka doosara sabase puraana sansthaan abhee bhee aapareshan mein hai ! yah arabee saahity, sunnee islaamee shiksha aur dhaarmik dhyaan kendrit adhyayan ke lie kendr ke roop mein shuroo kiya tha. aaj yah ek haath par paigambar muhammad se seekhon aur doosaree or vigyaan ke sabhee kshetron ke saath -saath aadhunik vigyaan kuraan aur paramparaon sikhaata hai. al- ajahar ke pustakaalay islaamee duniya ke lie khajaana maana jaata hai aur unhen onalain prayaason ko sanrakshit karane par hain. onalain saamagree mein pustakaalay ke saat laakh prshthon ke roopaantaran ke vishvavidyaalay ke lie ek vishaal kaary saabit ho rahee hai . yah misr kee phaatimee saamraajy kaal tak sthaapit kiya gaya tha . is vansh paigambar muhammad kee betee phaatima aur unake bete - kaanoon , alee ke vansh hai . vishvavidyaalay phaatima al- zahaara ke naam par hai .
4. Al Nizamiyya Of Baghdad (Iran)
Founded: 1065
Gyaarahaveen shataabdee ke shuroo mein khvaaja nijaam al -mulk dvaara sthaapit is al -mulk dvaara shuroo vishvavidyaalayon kee shrrnkhala ka ek hissa tha . al nizamiyy sabase saphal aur lokapriy banee huee hai. in vishvavidyaalayon mein madhyayugeen duniya ka sabase bada vishvavidyaalay banaane ke lie sanyukt. yah to kaviyon, jaanakaar vidvaan purushon ka hissa hai aur sikhaane ke lie mein aate dekha. al gajaalee is jagah mein prophesar the . shiksha kee peshakash mukt karane ke lie kiya gaya tha. 1258 mein bagadaad kee boree vishvavidyaalay ke ant mein dekha tha. shahar par hamala kiya gaya tha aur jagah ko nasht kar diya gaya tha. phaarasee kavi sadi kuchh log hain jo is vinaash dekha ke beech tha. baharahaal, al- nizamiyy usake vishaal pratibha se aasapaas ke kshetron mein any sabhee sansthaanon grahan karane ke lie prabandh kiya tha .
5. University of Bologna (Italy)
Founded: 1088
Pashchimee duniya kee pahalee uchch shikshan sansthaan aur vishv yuddhon tak seekhane ke kshetr mein agranee prarvatak . bologna vishvavidyaalay ke ek adbhut itihaas raha hai aur uchch shiksha sansthaanon ke kshetr mein pashchimee duniya kee aadhikaarik kadam ke roop mein dekha jaata hai. sanyog se duniya vishvavidyaalay isake nirmaan ke dauraan banaaya gaya tha . yah duniya bhar ke shaikshik roop se dhvani sansthaanon ke saath pashchimee duniya ke lie madhyasth tha. is prakriya ke tahat, dheere-dheere vishvavidyaalay vikasit kee hai, jis tarah se saath vibhinn vishvavidyaalayon banaane . aaj bologna duniya ke sheersh 200 skoolon mein se ek hai yooropeey shiksha ka pramukh udaaharan ke roop mein dekha jaata hai aur 23 skoolon aur 85,000 se adhik chhaatr hain .
6. University of Paris (France)
Founded: 1096
Sateek tithiyaan upalabdh nahin hain , lekin asthaayee taareekh 1096. yah ab is naam se kaary kar raha hai hona karane ke lie sveekaar kar liya hai ; yah 1970 mein 13 vibhinn vishvavidyaalayon ye lokapriy kolej dee sorabon ke roop mein bheja jaata hai mein punargathit kiya gaya tha. yah prasiddh notre dem kaithedral ke aasapaas aaya tha. yah chaar mukhy vibhaagon, kala, chikitsa , kaanoon aur dharmashaastr ke saath shuroo kiya tha. vishvavidyaalay charch aur sarakaar nahin, to is museebat ke aadesh ke tahat banaaya seedha tha. apane astitv ke paathyakram mein, vishvavidyaalay mein teen baar band ho gaya tha . chhaatron ko jo praacheen kolej ke bantavaare ke lie netrtv dvaara saanskrtik kraanti ke kaaran 1968 mein । 1229 mein , aur baad mein 1940 mein jarman sena dvaara aakraman kee vajah se.
7. University of Oxford (England)
Founded: 1096
Yah sahee taareekh nahin hai, lekin saboot se pata chalata hai ki vishvavidyaalay 1906 mein aapareshan kiya gaya tha chhaatr pravaah 1167 mein kaaphee vrddhi huee hai, jab henaree dviteey peris vishvavidyaalay mein bhaag lene se angrejee chhaatron par pratibandh laga diya . henaree iii ke shaasanakaal ke dauraan , vishvavidyaalay shaahee anumodan praapt kee. ke roop mein dekhakar kaimbrij oksaphord mein vivaad ke baad huee hai, yah svaabhaavik tha any vishvavidyaalay ke asantosh ke kaaran phootana karane ke lie . lekin raaja edavard trteey ko do vishvavidyaalayon dvaara sanyukt apeel 1820 tak is band kar diya, do vishvavidyaalayon ek ni: shulk ran de rahee yah vishvavidyaalay shaikshik dangon kee vajah se do vidvaanon ke nishpaadan aur agale karane ke kaaran samay mein do baar band kiya gaya tha , ek baar . vartamaan mein duniya ke sheersh vishvavidyaalayon ke beech sthaan
8. University of Montpelier (France)
Founded: 1150
Vishvavidyaalay ne kaha taareekh se adhik puraane hone ke lie kaha jaata hai, kaaran yah hai ki vahaan pop nikolas chaturth dvaara ek aadesh mein sabhee puraane vishvavidyaalayon gathabandhan karane ke lie kiya gaya hai. is prakaar gyaan ke is kendr ke kuchh bhaagon puraane ho sakata hai. vishvavidyaalay 1793 yah 1810 mein bahaal kiya gaya tha lekin vigyaan aur patr ke hee sankaayon bach mein phraanseesee kraanti ke dauraan band kar diya gaya . samay badalane ke saath rakhane ke lie, vishvavidyaalay mein 1969 mein vigyaan aur praudyogikee par dhyaan dene ke saath pramukh ko phir se sthaapit kiya gaya hai tha. aaj montapeliyar vishvavidyaalay montapeliyar 1 vishvavidyaalay, montapeliyar 2 ke vishvavidyaalay aur pol valairy vishvavidyaalay ke roop mein maujood hai .
9. University of Cambridge (England)
Founded: 1209
Lagaataar duniya ke sheersh vishvavidyaalayon ke beech 5 ven sthaan par , is angrejee bhaashee duniya ka doosara sabase puraana vishvavidyaalay hai. is shahar ke logon ke saath oksaphord vidvaanon ke ek vivaad ka ek parinaam ke roop mein gathan kiya gaya tha. aaj tak, oksaphord aur kaimbrij pratidvandvee hain . yah elyoomina ke roop mein 85 nobel puraskaar vijetaon kee hai , apane domen ke tahat 31 kolejon ke hote hain. is roop mein puraane ke roop mein ek vishvavidyaalay se ummeed thee, kaimbrij kuchh der chalee aa rahee paramparaon hai. lokapriy shabd ka sabase kam ganak , raajaon ka bajaanevaalon kolej krisamas kee poorv sandhya par se charols ka prasaaran karane ke lie lakadee ke chammach ke sambhaal rahe hain. kuchh mithak hain aur kuchh abhee bhee paalan kar rahe hain . paryatakon ko in kahaaniyon jab ve kaimbrij kee yaatra ka ek bhaaree mukkebaazee milata hai.
10. University of Salamanca (Spain)
Founded: 1218
Kristophar kolambas mahaakaavy yaatra le liya jab indeej ke pashchimee maarg mil jae, vah is pratishthit vishvavidyaalay ke bhoogol vibhaag ke saath paraamarsh kiya. vartamaan mein sau saal ka jashn manaane ke lie kamar kas apane 8 , vishvavidyaalay kaaphee ek itihaas hai. 1,218 mein sthaapit, yah 1225. laionaisai raaja alfonso ix mein vishvavidyaalay kee aadhikaarik khitaab mila laionaisai logon ko ek alag shahar mein sthaanaantarit karane ke lie bina adhyayan karane ke lie ek jagah dene ke lie is jagah ka nirmaan kiya. aaj vishvavidyaalay apanee bhaasha aur maanaveey paathyakramon ke lie jaana jaata hai, yah ek achchhee jagah vishesh roop se gair mool nivaasee ke lie , spenish jaanane ke lie hone ke lie taal diya hai.
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